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Ngaba iKoran inokuthenjwa?
AmaSilamsi akholelwa ekuthembekeni kweKoran, kodwa kuye kwakho iinguqulelo ezininzi zeKoran, ezinye iindinyana zitshintshile, yaye ziyaphikisana neBhayibhile.
Xa kuziwa ekuthembekeni kunye nomxholo weKoran (Qur'an), akukho maSilamsi amaninzi adla ngokucinga ngalo mbandela. Abacingi nzulu ngemvelaphi yale ncwadi, kodwa ngokunyanisekileyo bacinga ukuba uMuhammad, oyena mprofeti ubalulekileyo wamaSilamsi, wayifumana ngexesha lakhe ngokungqalileyo kwisithunywa sikaThixo, uGabriyeli. Basenokucinga ukuba iKoran yantlandlolo isezulwini yaye inguqulelo yesiArabhu yangoku ingumzekelo ochanileyo walo mzekelo wasezulwini. Ukuxhasa oko, banokusebenzisa le ndinyana ilandelayo yeKoran ebhekisela kulo mbandela:
Siyityhile iKoran ngolwimi lwesiArabhu ukuze uqonde intsingiselo yayo. Yincwadi ekhutshelweyo yencwadi yanaphakade ekuGcineni Kwethu, eyoyikekayo, kwaye ezele bubulumko. ( 43:2-4 )
Oku kulandelayo, sijonge ukuhlola ukuba ingaba iKoran, eyafunyanwa nguMuhammad, inokuthenjwa ngokwemvelaphi yayo kwaye ngokukodwa umxholo wayo. Kuba ukuba siyayifunda le ncwadi, esekelwe kwisiseko segunya likaMuhammad kunye nezityhilelo, kuya kubakho amanqaku emibuzo emininzi kunye nezinto ezifanele ukuhoywa. Ezi ngongoma zilandelayo zinokuphakanyiswa kubo:
Ngaba uMuhammad wayengafundanga ? Esinye sezizathu zegunya leKoran sithathwa ngokuba uMuhammad wayengakwazi ukufunda nokubhala. Kuye kwathiwa, “ngenjani ukuba avelise isicatshulwa esimangalisa ngolo hlobo ukuba uThixo wayengamnikanga sona? Ukungakwazi kwakhe ukufunda kuthathwa njengobungqina bokuba iKoran imele ukuba sisityhilelo esithunyelwe nguThixo. Uphononongo olulandelayo, oluqhutywe ngumntu owayehlala kwi-Islamic extremism, lwalatha kwelinye icala. Waqaphela ukuba kukho izizathu zokukholelwa ukuba uMuhammad unokufunda nokubhala:
Ndandifuna ukugxila ekuphandeni ukuba uMuhammad wayengumprofeti okanye hayi. Ndafumanisa izizathu ezibini ezahlukeneyo zokuba uMuhammad wayengumprofeti: wayengafundanga kodwa wayifumana iKoran. Okwesibini, wayengenasono yaye akazange enze nasinye isono ngaphambi kokuba abe ngumprofeti. Ndaqalisa ukukhangela ubungqina bokungafundi kukaMuhammad. Ndicinga ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukufumana ubungqina bokuba uMuhammad wayenokufunda kwaye abhale. Ndaphinda ndafunda ibali lobomi bukaMuhammad. Ngoku, okwandothusayo, ndafumana izinto ezininzi endandingazange ndiziphawule ngaphambili. Ndafunda kwiincwadi ukuba uMuhammad watyelela kwindawo enye noEI-Nadr Ibn EI-Hareth, uWaraka Ibn Nofal nomfundisi odumileyo u-Ibn Sa'eda. Ndaphinda ndafunda ukuba uMuhammad wayephethe imicimbi kunye nobutyebi obukhulu bomhlolokazi osisityebi uKhadidja, kwaye wangena kwizivumelwano ezininzi kunye nezenzo kunye nabarhwebi baseYemen naseSiriya. … Ndifumene ulwazi kwibhayografi ukuba emva kwesivumelwano soxolo kunye nendawo yase-Al-Hudaibija, uMuhammad wabhala incwadi yesivumelwano ngezandla zakhe. UMuhammad nomzala wakhe u-Ali babephantsi kolawulo lukamalume wakhe uAbu Taleb, kwaye uMuhammad wayemdala kunoAli. UAli waziwa ekwazi ukufunda nokubhala, kwaye ndafumanisa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba uMuhammad akazange afundiswe ubuncinane iziseko zokufunda nokubhala. Njengoko ulwazi lwam lwaluqhubeka, ndafumanisa ukuba uMuhammad wayenomkhwa wokuhlala nomKristu uYassar Al-Nusran nokuva izibhalo zeBhayibhile kuye aze azifundele ngokwakhe iBhayibhile. Ndaqonda ukuba xa ingelosi uGabriyeli yeza kuMuhammad yaza yamxelela ukuba afunde, kwakungayi kuba sengqiqweni ukuba uGabriyeli wayexelele indoda engafundanga ukuba ifunde! Ezi zinto ndizifunyanisiweyo kunye neziphumo zam zangaphambili malunga nobunyani bobizo lukaMuhammad kumprofeti zandinyanzela ukuba ndigqibe kwelokuba uMuhammad wayengenakuba ngumprofeti okanye indoda ezinikeleyo. (Kuko konke oku ndibhale iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe kwincwadi yam kaMuhammad eBhayibhileni) (1)
Imvelaphi yeKoran . AmaSilamsi acinga ukuba iKoran yincwadi engokobuthixo ngokupheleleyo ekubhalwe kuyo uMuhammad wayengenampembelelo kuyo. Wayengumthunywa nje egqithisa oko kwakudluliselwe kuye. Noko ke, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba iKoran iphenjelelwa yeminye imithombo. Ngokomzekelo, kuye kwachazwa ukuba ibali lenkamela eliba ngumprofeti nendlela amadoda asixhenxe nezilwanyana zawo alala ngayo emqolombeni kangangeminyaka engama-309 libali leentsomi zama-Arabhu. Intetho engoYesu eselubelekweni nokuvuswa kweentaka zodongwe zivela kwiivangeli zomgunyathi zamaGnostic, kungekhona eBhayibhileni. Ngokufanayo, kuye kwachazwa ukuba kwiKoran kukho iingxelo ezifanayo nezeTalmud nonqulo lwamandulo lwasePersi. Noko ke, owona mthombo ubalulekileyo yiBhayibhile. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-2/3 yomxholo weKoran ivela eBhayibhileni. Noko ke, ezi ayizoingcaphulo ezingqalileyo, kodwa ziziqendu apho kuvela abantu abaqhelekileyo neziganeko eziseBhayibhileni:
Maxa wambi ndiye ndizibuze ukuba ingakanani na iKoran ebiya kusala ukuba onke amabali eBhayibhile neembekiselo zeBhayibhile bezisusiwe kuyo. AmaYuda namaKrestu afumana okuninzi kwiKoran aqheleneyo nawo ngesithethe sawo. Kufanele kujongwe njani oku? (2)
Xa abantu beva uMuhammad ethetha, babethetha into efanayo. Bathi uMuhammad wabalisa amabali amandulo. Bakhe beva okanye bafunda ngabo ngaphambili:
Bathi abangakholwayo: Le yinkohliso yento ayivelileyo, athe wancedwa ngayo ngabanye. Izenzo zabo zigwenxa kwaye zibubuxoki. Baye bathi, Ubhalile iintsomi zamanyange ukuthi, Zibalelwa kuye kusasa nangokuhlwa.
Nanini na xa zicengcelezwa izityhilelo zethu kubo, bathi: ‘Sizivile. Ukuba besinqwenela, besinokuthetha okufanayo. ke bona ziintsomi zamanyange. ( 8:31 )
Oku besithenjisiwe ngaphambili, thina noobawo bethu. yintsomi nje yamanyange. (23:83)
INGABA IKORAN YASEZULU?
Ngoko enye indlela iye yaboniswa yokuba uMuhammad wayifumana iKoran ngokuthe ngqo evela ezulwini kwisithunywa sezulu uGabriyeli. Yiloo nto obo bubusuku bamandla (endalo) (lailat al qadr) bubhiyozelwa kwinyanga engcwele yamaMuslim, iRamada. Kukholelwa ukuba uThixo ngoko wayithumela iKoran evela ezulwini. Ngobo busuku, amaSilamsi kwihlabathi jikelele acengceleza iindinyana zeKoran okanye alandele ukuphindaphinda kwayo kumabonwakude okanye kunomathotholo. Kodwa ngaba ngenene iKoran yamkelwa ngesiqwenga esinye esipheleleyo esivela eZulwini? Siza kuwuqwalasela lo mbuzo ekukhanyeni kolu lwazi lulandelayo:
Izityhilelo zafunyanwa ebudeni bexesha elingaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 . Xa uMuhammad wafumana izityhilelo zakhe, apho iKoran iqulunqwe khona, kwenzeka malunga neminyaka engama-20 kwada kwasa ekufeni kwakhe (610 - 632), kwaye akukho nakanye ngomzuzu omnye. IKoran yingqokelela yezi zityhilelo zahlukeneyo uMprofeti wazidlulisela ngomlomo ngezihlandlo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Sisimbuku sezi zityhilelo, kodwa kuphosakele ukucinga ukuba samkelwa sivela ezulwini kwakanye, kuba iminyaka engama-20 ayinakuthetha into enye nobusuku obunye. Izityhilelo zikaMuhammad zazihlala zihambelana neemeko ezithile ezenzeka kubomi bukaMuhammad nabanye. Wafumana umz. isibhengezo sokuba kuvumelekile ukuba atshate umfazi wonyana wakhe owamkelweyo (33:37-38) okanye agcine abafazi abaninzi kunamanye amadoda (amanye amadoda angamaSilamsi avumelekile ukuba agcine abafazi ukuya kutsho kwabane, kodwa uMuhammad wavunyelwa abafazi abaninzi. "Phambi kwamanye amakholwa" 33:50). Ngokufanayo, wafumana ezinye izityhilelo zeengxabano kunye namaMeccans, amaYuda, amaKristu, okanye amanye amaqela. Akazange azifumane zonke ngaxeshanye kodwa njengoko iziganeko zazisiba ngundaba-mlonyeni ebomini bakhe. Ezi ndinyana zilandelayo zeKoran zalatha kwicala elinye. Babonisa ukuba ukuba iKoran ivela ezulwini, kwakutheni ukuze uMuhammad angayifumani yonke ngaxeshanye kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe:
Abangakholwayo bayabuza, 'Kwakutheni ukuze iKoran ingatyhilwa kuye ngokupheleleyo ngesityhilelo esinye?' Siyityhilile ngolo hlobo ukuze Silomeleze ukholo lwenu. Siye saninika yona ngokutyhilelwa ngokuthe ngcembe. ( 25:32 )
Siyityhile iKoran ngeNyaniso, kwaye ngeNyaniso yehla. Sikuthume kuphela ukuba uvakalise iindaba ezilungileyo nokulumkisa. Siye sayahlula-hlula iKoran yangamacandelo ukuze ucengceleze ngokucokisekileyo ebantwini. Siye sayidlulisela ngokutyhilelwa ngokuthe ngcembe. Yithi, Yeyakho ukuba ukholelwe kuyo okanye uyikhanyele… (17:105-107)
Ihlanganiswe emva kokufa kwiinguqulelo ezininzi . Kwakhona, isibakala sokuba izityhilelo zahlanganiswa zaba yincwadi enye, iKoran kuphela malunga neminyaka engama-20 emva kokufa koMprofeti, kwanakwiinguqulelo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo, sibonisa ukuba yayingengomqulu omnye owathunyelwa uvela ezulwini, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe yafumana izityhilelo. Kwincwadi ethi Islam / Fadhlalla Haeri kuxelelwa ukuba ubuncinane kwakukho iinguqulelo ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo kwezona lwimi zibalulekileyo zezizwe okanye zengingqi. Phakathi kwabo, umlawuli wesithathu, u-Uthman, wakhetha inguqulelo enye esemthethweni waza wayalela ukuba ezinye zitshiswe. Noko ke, ezinye iinguqulelo ziye zasinda njengobungqina bemeko yantlandlolo. Esi sicatshulwa silandelayo sibhekisa kwiingxaki ekuqulunqweni kweKoran. Kunokuba yehle ezulwini ibe ngumqulu omnye, iKoran yadityaniswa ngokusuka kwindinyana nganye kumagqabi esundu nakwiziqwenga zesikhumba. Iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokufunda iKoran zabangela iingxabano phakathi kwamaSilamsi, kwaye uMuhammad ngokwakhe akazange abonakale egxininisa kakhulu malunga nokuba yeyiphi indlela echanekileyo yokucengceleza ezi ndinyana:
… Ukuhlanganiswa kweKoran kwakhawuleziswa kukufa kwamagorha amaninzi amaSilamsi - bakhumbula iindinyana - kwiimfazwe zonqulo ezazisilwa nezizwe eziwexukileyo ngo-632-634, xa uMuhammad wayesele efile. Ikhatshwa ngabafi, inkcazelo ebalulekileyo yayisiya engcwabeni. Ngoxa ezinye iindinyana ezibhalwe kumagqabi esundu zawela emilonyeni yeenkamela, kwakusoyikwa ukuba izinto eziqokelelwe kwizityhilelo zikaMuhammad ziya kunyamalala. … Iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeKoran bezikwinkumbulo kwaye zibhalwe ngabantu abaninzi. Isithethe sibonisa ukuba abantu babekhumbula izinto ngokwahlukileyo kwaye bexambulisana. … UMuhammad akabonakali echanekile malunga namagama eKoran. Imbali yamaSilamsi ithetha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: “UOmar ibn al-Khattab weva uHisham ibn Hakim ecengceleza iindinyana zeKoran ngokwahlukileyo kunokuba wayezifundile. Nangona kunjalo, uHisham wathi waziva kuMuhammad. Xa amadoda aya kubuza uMprofeti, waphendula wathi, 'IKoran yatyhilwa ngeelwimi ezisixhenxe. Ngamnye makafunde ngendlela yakhe. ” (Sahih Muslim 2: 390: 1787.) Okwesibini, umSilamsi waxelela uMuhammad ukuba u-Ibn Mas'ud no-Ubayy ibn Ka'b babiza iKoran ngokwahlukileyo. Yiyiphi ebenyanisile? Umphengululi ongumSilamsi ubn al-Jawzi wabhala impendulo kaFunan al-Afna Muhammad kwincwadi yakhe esithi: “Wonke umntu makathethe njengoko efundisiwe. Yonke imikhwa mihle kwaye mihle. ” … Xa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda zaye zavusa impikiswano ebanzi, iCaliph yesithathu, u-Uthman ibn Affan (644-656), wagqiba ekubeni azenzele eyakhe, ekuphela kwenguqulelo eyamkelekileyo neyokugqibela ngo-647-652. Waphazanyiswa kukuba ngenxa yeenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeKoran, uluntu lwamaSilamsi lwalusengozini yokuqhekeka kwiingxabano. … Isicatshulwa sika-Uthman siphakamise imibuzo malunga nemvelaphi yasezulwini yeKoran:
• Ukuba iKoran inemvelaphi yasezulwini yaza yanikelwa kuMuhammad ngokuthe ngqo evela ezulwini, kwakutheni ukuze kubekho iinguqulelo ezininzi zayo, awathi u-Uthman wazitshisa waza washiya ezi zakhe kuphela?
• Kwakutheni, ngokwesithethe, u-Uthman agrogrise ngokufa kuye nabani na ongayamkeliyo isicatshulwa sakhe?
• U-Uthman wayesazi ngokusuka entwenini ukuba kwakukho iimpazamo kwezinye iinguqulelo zeKoran nokuba nguye kuphela owayenolwazi ngeKoran yasezulwini?
• Kwakutheni ukuze amaSilamsi angamaShiite acinge ukuba u-Uthman wayezishiyile iinxalenye zeKoran awayesithi zazinxulumene nobunkokeli buka-Ali? Abaphengululi bamaSilamsi aseNtshona baye bachaza ukuba kwisicatshulwa sika-Uthman ngokwenene zishiywe izicatshulwa ezikwezinye iinguqulelo. (3)
Utshintsho kwiKoran. Inkoliso yamaSilamsi ayiyamkeli ingcamango yokuba iKoran iye yatshintsha. Xa becinga ukuba iKoran iyikopi egqibeleleyo yomfuziselo osezulwini ize ithunyelwe ngokuthe ngqo kuMuhammad, ukwenzeka kweenguqulelo kugqalwa njengengcamango engenakwenzeka. Noko ke, iindinyana ezimbalwa zeKoran zibhekisela kwiinguqulelo kule ncwadi. Babonisa ukuba utshintsho lwenziwa kamva kwisicatshulwa esifunyenwe nguMuhammad. Ekuqaleni wafumana isicatshulwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunokuba sasiyiyo kamva:
Ukuba Siyayichitha ivesi okanye senza ukuba ilityalwe, Siya endaweni yayo ngengcono okanye efana nayo. Ubungazi na ukuba uThixo unamandla phezu kwezinto zonke. (2:106)
UThixo uyakubhangisa kwaye uyakuqinisekisa oko akuthandayo. ngowakhe ummiselo ongunaphakade. ( 13:39 )
Xa sitshintsha ivesi endaweni kwenye (uThixo ukwazi kakuhle oko akutyhilayo), bathi: “Ungumkhohlisi. Uninzi lwabo alunalwazi. (16:101)
Isithethe samaSilamsi sibhekisela kwiinguqulelo kwiKoran. Nanku umzekelo omnye:
Nangona abalweli boxolo bamaSilamsi ngokuqhelekileyo bezingca besithi umbhalo weKoran awuzange uhlonyelwe okanye ulungiswe, yaye akukho mibhalo ingenye, kwanakwisithethe samaSilamsi kukho imiqondiso yokuba oku akunjalo ngokwenene. UmSilamsi wamandulo, uAnas bin Malik, ubalisa ngomongo emva kwedabi apho amaSilamsi amaninzi afayo ukuba ekuqaleni iKoran yayinomyalezo owawuvela kumaSilamsi abuleweyo owawusiya kumakholwa awo asaphilayo: “Emva koko safunda indinyana ende kwiKoran eyathi kamva yacinywa okanye yacinywa. ilityalwe. (Yayiyiyo): dlulisa umyalezo ebantwini bethu ukuba sadibana neNkosi yethu, eyakholiswa sithi, sadibana nayo. ” (4)
Mhlawumbi esona sicatshulwa sidumileyo seKoran, ekukholelwa ukuba siye satshintsha, ngama-53:19, 20, ekuthiwa ziindinyana zikaSathana. Ngokwesithethe, ezi ndinyana, zithetha ngoothixokazi abathathu ababenqulwa ngama-Arabhu - uAllat, u-al-Uzza noManat - ekuqaleni babenoluvo lokuba aba thixokazi banokwenza ngandlel' ithile yokulamla. Ezi ndinyana ezafunyanwa nguMuhammad ke ngoko zazikhuthaza ukuguqukela kwizithixo. Iivesi ezakhokelela abantu baseMecca ukuba bamkele uMuhammad njengomprofeti kukholelwa ukuba ekuqaleni bezikule ndlela ilandelayo. Ipaseji ecinyiweyo ibhalwe ngqindilili:
Into efanayo icaciswa kwesi sicatshulwa silandelayo, esibhekisa kumagqabaza e-imam ngeKoran. Ibonisa indlela esi sicatshulwa seKoran esatshintshwa ngayo kuba uMuhammad kungekudala wafumana isityhilelo esitsha esichaseneyo. Ikwabonisa isibakala sokuba iKoran isekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwizityhilelo nakumazwi awamkelwa nguMuhammad. Ngokuphawulekayo, abafundi bangaphambili babengenakuvuma isityhilelo sokuqala sikaMuhammad kwaye ngoko ke baqala ukumgxeka.
UImam El- Syouty ucacisa iSura 17:74 yeKoran kumagqabaza akhe ngolu hlobo: “Ngokutsho kukaMuhammad, uNyana kaKaab , isizalwana sikaKarz , umprofeti uMuhammad wafunda iSura 53 de wafika kwisicatshulwa, esithi: 'Ngaba nibabonile uAllat no-Al-Uzza (oothixo beentlanga)... ' Kwesi sicatshulwa, usathana ngokwakhe wenza uMuhammad athi amaSilamsi anokubanqula aba thixo babahedeni aze abacele ukuba bathethelele . ivesi yongezwa kwiKoran. Umprofeti uMuhammad wayebuhlungu kakhulu ngenxa yamazwi akhe, de uThixo wamkhuthaza ngelinye elitsha, "Kwaye njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili, xa sithumela umthunywa okanye umprofeti, uSathana uye wabeka iminqweno yakhe kubo, kodwa uThixo uya kuyisula, yintoni na? USathana uxubene nabo, aze ke aqinisekise olwakhe uphawu.” UThixo uyazi, ulumkile. (Funda iSura 22:52.) Ngenxa yale Sura 17:73-74 ithi: “Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo babecebe ukukujikisa koko sikutyhile kuwe, ukuze usenzele thina enye ngaphandle koko, emva koko babeza kukuthabatha njengeqela. mhlobo wakho. Kwaye ukuba bekungekudalanga besikumisile, ubuza kuba usondele ukusondela kubo kancinane. (5)
Ngoko kwakutheni ukuze uSathana, kungekhona uAllah, athethe ngomlomo kaMuhammad? Yintoni eyenza uMuhammad anike isityhilelo sobuxoki? Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo bubuntu bukaMuhammad nokugoba phantsi koxinzelelo. Edimazekile ekuzameni ukuguqulela abemi baseMecca kubuSilamsi, warhoxa waza wakhupha isityhilelo encomela ukuhlonelwa kwaba thixokazi bathathu bama-Arabhu nokuba abantu banokusabela ekubongozeni kwabo. Iivesi zikaSathana zazalwa kuloo nto. Isithethe sikwathi xa uMuhammad ecengcelezile isicatshulwa ekuthethwa ngaso, amaMecca aqubuda emhlabeni akuva oku. Kunoko, abanye abafundi bakaMuhammad baqalisa ukumcekisa. Oku kulalanisa kwenza ukuba amaSilamsi awayeye e-Ethiopia akwazi ukubuyela eMecca. Noko ke, ingelosi uGabriyeli kamva yachaza ukuba ezo ndinyana zivela kuSathana. Zaye zabhangiswa. Ngokukodwa, ezi ndinyana zilandelayo ezivela kwiKoran zikholelwa ukuba zichaza ukuwa kukaMuhammad kunye nendlela awayenempazamo ngayo:
Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo babecebe ukukujikisa koko Sikukutyhile kuwe, ukuze usenzele ubuxoki obungeyiyo loo nto, baze ke bakuthabathe ube ngumhlobo wakho. Kwaye ukuba besingakumisile, ngokuqinisekileyo ubuya kuba kufuphi ukuba uthambekele kubo kancinane. ( 17:73,74 )
Kananjalo njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili, xa sithumela umthunywa okanye umprofeti, uSathana uye wabeka iminqweno yakhe phakathi kwabo, kodwa uThixo uyakususa, oko uSathana akuxubekileyo kubo, aze ke aqinisekise uphawu lwakhe. UThixo uyazi, ulumkile. ( 22:52 )
Isicatshulwa esilandelayo sithetha ngesihloko esifanayo, iivesi zikaSathana. Kubonisa ukuba lo mbandela awukho ukuqanjwa kwabantu bangaphandle, kodwa ubhekiselwe kwimithombo yokuqala yamaSilamsi. Ababhali abazange baphike ixabiso likaMuhammad njengomprofeti:
Imeko yeeVesi zikaSathana ngokwendalo ibe ngunobangela onamandla wokuhlazeka kwamaMuslim ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Inene, ifihla ibango likaMuhammad lilonke lokuba ngumprofeti. Ukuba uSathana wakha wakwazi ukubeka amazwi emlonyeni kaMuhammad waza wamenza wacinga ukuba yimiyalezo evela ku-Allah, ngoko ke ngubani onokuthi uSathana akazange amsebenzise uMuhammad njengesithethi sakhe nangamanye amaxesha? … Kunzima ukuliqonda, njani kwaye kwakutheni ukuze ibali elinjalo libe liyilwe, kwanokuba njani kwaye kwakutheni ukuze amaSilamsi azinikele ngolo hlobo anjengoIbn Ishag , uIbn Sa’d noTabari, kwakunye nombhali wamva wengcaciso yeKoran, UZamakhsari (1047-1143) – ekunzima ukukholelwa kuye ukuba ngewayetshilo ukuba wayengayithembi imithombo-lwazi – wayecinga ukuba yinyani leyo . Apha, kunye nakwezinye iindawo, ubungqina bemithombo yokuqala yamaSilamsi bomelele ngokungenakuphikiswa. Nangona kunjalo Iziganeko zinokuchazwa ngenye indlela, abo banqwenela ukwenza umzekelo weeVesi zikaSathana zihambe, abanakuyikhanyela into yokuba ezi zinto zobomi buka-Muhammed aziyiyo into evelisiweyo yeentshaba zakhe, kodwa ulwazi malunga nazo luvela ebantwini. , owayekholelwa ngokwenene ukuba uMuhammed ungumprofeti ka-Allah. (6)
Intetho kaMuhammad okanye ka-Allah ? Njengoko kuchaziwe, amaSilamsi akholelwa ukuba iKoran yavela ngokuthe ngqo ezulwini ivela kuThixo. Bakholelwa ukuba yonke iKoran yintetho ka-Allah. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufunda iKoran ngokusondeleyo, uya kufumana iziqendu kuyo ezingenakuba yintetho ka-Allah, kodwa ngamazwi omntu, onguMuhammad. Omnye umzekelo onjalo unokufunyanwa kwiSura yokuqala.
Makabongwe uThixo , iNkosi yendalo iphela, Onenceba, onemfesane, uMongami weMini yoMgwebo. Sinqula wena wedwa , Siphendukela kuwe wedwa ukuba sicele uncedo . Sikhokelele kwindlela ethe tye. Umendo wakho owababalayo, Ungengawo awabanga umsindo wakho, Ungenguye owabadaniswayo (1:2-7).
Ndiyalelwe ukuba ndikhonze iNkosi yesi sixeko , esenze sangcwaliseka. Zonke izinto zezaKhe. Kwaye ndiyalelwe ukuba ndibe ngumSilamsi, kwaye ndivakalise iKoran (27:91).
Nokuba zithini na iingxabano zenu, ilizwi lokugqibela lelikaThixo. Unjalo ke uThixo, iNkosi yam: Ndithembele kuye, kwaye kuye ndiguqukela enguqukweni (42:10).
Musani ukukhonza omnye umntu ngaphandle koThixo. Ndithunywe kuni ukusuka kuYe ukuba ndinilumkise kwaye ndinixelele iindaba ezilungileyo (11:2).
INTO YEMBALI
Ukuba sifunda iKoran, sinokuphawula okuthile okubangel’ umdla: Ikhankanya abantu abafanayo neBhayibhile. Kukhankanywe uNowa, uAbraham, uLote, uIshmayeli, uIsake, uYakobi, uYosefu, uMoses, uAron, uYobhi, uSawule, uDavide, uSolomon, uYesu, uMariya nabanye. Aba bantu bavela kwiKoran kwaye bade banike neentetho. Ngokwenyani, uMuhammad wayetyholwa ngokuveza amabali amandulo njengezityhilelo awayezifumana kuThixo:
Bathi abangakholwayo: Le yinkohliso yento ayivelileyo, athe wancedwa ngayo ngabanye. Izenzo zabo zigwenxa kwaye zibubuxoki. Baye bathi, Ubhalile iintsomi zamanyange ukuthi, Zibalelwa kuye kusasa nangokuhlwa.
Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu zeKoran ilele kwizinto zembali ezifana nale yangaphambili. UMuhammad, owayephila kwinkulungwane yesi-6, wayenokwazi njani oko abantu ababephila kwiinkulungwane ezingaphambi kwakhe babekuthethile nabakwenzileyo? Umntu owayephila emva kwexesha wayenokuyidlulisela njani inkcazelo enokuthenjwa ngabantu ababephila ngaphambilana kunaye? Xa iKoran ikhankanya iintetho zabantu abamalunga neshumi elinesihlanu bembali [uNowa ( 11:25-49), uAbraham ( 2:124-133 ), uYosefu ( Sura 12 ), uSawule ( 2:249 ), uLote ( 7:80, 81 ) , uAron (7:150), uMoses (18:60-77), uSolomon (27:17-28), uYobhi (38:41), uDavide (38:24), uYesu (19:30-34), uMariya. ( 19:18-20 )]-kwaye iintetho ezinjalo ezingakhankanywanga eBhayibhileni - iyamangalisa into yokuba umntu owaphila iminyaka engama-600-3000 kamva unokwazi ngokuchanekileyo malunga nokuqulethwe ziintetho zabo kunye nobomi babo, nokuba akazange azibone okanye azive. yena ngokwakhe. UMuhammad wakufumana phi imixholo yeentetho kwaye zithembeke kangakanani? Ngokubanzi, amaSilamsi akazikhathazi iintloko zawo ngezi ntlobo zezinto, kodwa kuhle ukucinga ngendlela enokuthenjwa ngayo imathiriyeli yembali enjalo, engasekelwanga kwizinto ezibonwe ngamangqina okuzibonela okanye udliwano-ndlebe konke konke.
YAHLUKA NJANI IKORAN NESITHETHE SAMASILAMSI KWIBHAYIBHILE?
Kwisiqendu sangaphambili, kwachazwa ukuba izinto zembali zeKoran zixhomekeke njani kwizityhilelo ezifunyenwe nguMuhammad. Ukongezelela, iKoran ibhekisela kwiziganeko ezininzi ezinjalo nakubantu esele bekhankanyiwe eBhayibhileni kwiinkulungwane ezingaphambili. Xa kuthethwa ngezi ncwadi zimbini, sinokubona umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo. Zivela zombini kwindawo yezinto zembali kunye nezinto ezifundisayo. Sijonga imizekelo kuzo zombini iindawo:
• KwiKoran, kuthiwa omnye woonyana bakaNowa warhaxwa kuNogumbe ( 11:42,43 ). Ngokutsho kweGenesis, bonke oonyana bakaNowa babesemkhombeni baza basinda. ( Gen 6:10 and 10:1 : UNowa wazala oonyana abathathu, uShem, noHam, noYafete..... Yiyo le ke inzala yoonyana bakaNowa, uShem, noHam, noYafete; wazalwa emva konogumbe.)
• IKoran ikhankanya ukuba umkhombe kaNowa wakhukuliseka ukuya kwiNtaba yaseDzudi ( 11:44 ). Kwincwadi yokuqala kaMoses, kuthiwa yakhukuliseka yaya kwiintaba zeArarati ( Gen 8:4 : Kwaye umkhombe wazimisa ngenyanga yesixhenxe, ngosuku lweshumi elinesixhenxe enyangeni leyo, phezu kweentaba zeArarati.).
• Abantu bexesha likaNowa bathetha ngoothixo babo kwiKoran 71:21-23 (...Kwaye bathi: “Nize ningabashiyi oothixo benu, ningashiyi noWadd, noSuwa, noYaghus, noYauq noNasr. oothixo baseArabia bexesha likaMuhammad.
• Ngokutsho kweKoran, kwana izitena eSodom ( 15:74 ) kungekhona isulfure nomlilo ( Gen 19:24 : Waza uYehova wanisa phezu kweSodom neGomora isulfure nomlilo ophuma kuYehova ophuma emazulwini).
• IKoran ithi uAbraham wayehlala eMecca ( 22:26 ). IBhayibhile ayithethi nto ngeMecca.
- AmaSilamsi akholelwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba uAbraham wayeza kunikela ngonyana wakhe uIshmayeli, nangona iBhayibhile isithi unyana lowo wayebizwa ngokuba nguIsake ( Gen 22 and Hebhere 11:17-19 : Ngokholo uAbraham, xa wayevavanywa, wamnikela uIsake : Lowo wawamkelayo amadinga wamnyusa ekuphela kwamzeleyo unyana, ekuthiwe ngaye, Imbewu yakho iya kubizwa ngoIsake; kuba ke, ekubeni uThixo unako ukuvusa nakwabafileyo; umfanekiso.) kwaye nangona iKoran ibhekisa kuIsake (bona 11:69-74 kunye nesama-37:100-113).
- IKoran ithi umkhonzi kaFaro wabethelelwa emnqamlezweni ( 12:41 ) yaye akazange axhonywe emthini ( Gen 40:18-22 : “Waphendula ke uYosefu wathi, Siso esi isityhilo salo: iingobozi ezintathu ezo yimihla emithathu; kusele imihla emithathu, aze uFaro ayiphakamise intloko yakho, isuke kuwe, akuxhome emthini, ziyidle iintaka inyama yakho iphele.” Kwathi ngomhla wesithathu, umhla wokuzalwa kukaFaro, wamisa. itheko kubakhonzi bakhe bonke, wayiphakamisa intloko yomphathi wabangcamli, nentloko yomphathi waboji bezonka phakathi kwabakhonzi bakhe, wambuyisela umphathi wabangcamli kubungcamli bakhe, wayinikela indebe esandleni sikaFaro; umphathi waboji bezonka; njengoko uYosefu wabatyhilelayo. ) Esi siko, ukubethelelwa, kwabakho kuphela kwiinkulungwane kamva ngamaRoma.
- IKoran ithi inkosikazi kaFaro yayinyamekela uMoses (28: 8,9). IBhayibhile ithetha ngentombi kaFaro ( Eksodus 2:5-10 : ... Wakhula umntwana, wamsa ke kwintombi kaFaro, waba ngunyana wayo, wamthiya igama elinguMoses, wathi, Ndimzekile. wamkhupha emanzini.).
- IKoran ibiza uHaman ngenkundla kaFaro ( 28: 6,38 kunye 40: 36 ), nangona wayeligosa lasePersi kwinkonzo kaKumkani uAhaswerosi kwaye akazange aphile de kwayinkulungwane yesi-5 ( Estere 3: 1 Wenjenjalo ukumkani uAhaswerosi wamphakamisa uHaman unyana kaHamedata, umAgagi, wamphakamisa, wasimisa isihlalo sakhe ngaphezu kwabathetheli bonke ababenaye.
- Ngokutsho kweKoran, ithole legolide lenziwa ngumSamariya (20:87,88). NgokweBhayibhile, yenziwa nguAron (Gen 32). Kuyaziwa ukuba amaSamariya akazange eze kwilizwe elingcwele de kwasemva kweenkulungwane, oko kukuthi, xa wayethinjwe eBhabhiloni.
- IKoran ikhankanya ukuba uMariya wayengudade boAron ( 19:27-28 ) nentombi ka-Amram ( 3:35, 36 no-66:12 ), ngoko eneneni umele ukuba wayephila kwiinkulungwane ngaphambili yaye wayenguMiriyam, udade boAmram. uAron noMoses.
• Iziganeko ezenzeka ebuntwaneni bukaMariya ( 3:33-37 ), uYesu ethetha embelekweni ( 3:46 nese-19:29, 30 ) nesokuba uYesu wenza iintaka ngodongwe ( 5:110 ), zizinto ezichazwa yiBhayibhile. akukho nto malunga. Endaweni yoko, kwiincwadi ezingaphefumlelwanga ezizelwe emva kwexesha (iVangeli yobuntwana kaThomas kunye neArabian Childhood Gospel) sifumana izinto ezifanayo.
• AmaSilamsi ngokuqhelekileyo akakholelwa ukuba uYesu wafela emnqamlezweni. Kukholelwa ukuba isiqendu 4:156-158 seKoran sibhekisela kulo mbandela.
Ukwamkelwa . Ngokutsho kwemfundiso yeKoran, uThixo akazithabatheli bantwana ( 5:18 nese-19:88-92 ). Kuthathwa njengento engenakwenzeka. Endaweni yoko, iBhayibhile ithetha ngeendinyana ezininzi malunga nokwamkelwa, nto leyo enokuthi ngamnye kuthi abe nayo, okoko nje sifumana uYesu Kristu njengoMsindisi wethu kwaye singenisa uMoya kaThixo ezintliziyweni zethu. Ingafaniswa nokwamkelwa, apho uThixo asithatha njengabantwana bakhe. Sinako ke emthandazweni sithethe noThixo njengotata wasemhlabeni size simxelele nje izinto ezisikhathazayo. Le yenye yeengxaki ezininzi zamaSilamsi xa ethandaza. Abamazi uThixo njengoyise, yiloo nto bezama ukusondela kuye ngokungathi basemva komsantsa omkhulu. Oko kuyabathintela ekuthandazeni ngokuthembekileyo. Ngendlela efanayo, kudla ngokuphindaphindwa ngokungeyomfuneko emthandazweni wawo, awathi uYesu wasilumkisa ngawo. Banokuthi izivakalisi zesi-Arabhu ngokwefomula ethile, nangona bengaluqondi nolu lwimi:
- ( Yohane 1:12 ) Ke bonke abamamkelayo wabanika igunya lokuba babe ngabantwana bakaThixo , abo ke bakholwayo kwigama lakhe;
- ( Gal 3:26 ) Kuba nonke ningoonyana bakaThixo ngako ukukholwa kuKristu Yesu .
- (1 Yohane 3:1) Bonani uthando olungaka asenzele lona uYise, olu lokuba sibizwe ngokuba singabantwana bakaThixo . Ngenxa yoko ihlabathi alisazi thina, ngokuba lingamazanga yena.
- ( Mat 6:5-9 ) Naxa sukuba uthandaza, uze ungabi njengabahanahanisi; ngokuba bethanda ukuthandaza bemi ezindlwini zesikhungu nasezimbombeni zezitrato, ngokokuze babe nokubonwa ngabantu. Inene ndithi kuni, Bawufincile umvuzo wabo. 6 Ke wena, xa sukuba uthandaza, ngena egumbini lakho, uthi, uluvalile ucango lwakho, uthandaze kuYihlo osemfihlekweni; aze uYihlo obona emfihlekweni akubuyisele ekuhleni. 7 Nithandaza njalo ke, maningenzi milembelele ingeyanto, njengabeentlanga ; kuba beba boviwa ngenxa yamazwi abo amaninzi. 8 Ngoko maningafani nabo; kuba ekwazi uYihlo enikusweleyo, ningekamceli. 9 Thandazani ngoko nina nenjenje : Bawo wethu osemazulwini , malingcwaliswe igama lakho.
- ( Mat 7:11 ) Ukuba ke ngoko nina, ningendawo nje, niyakwazi ukubapha abantwana benu izipho ezilungileyo, wobeka phi na yena uYihlo osemazulwini ukugqithisela ukubapha okulungileyo abo bamcelayo ?
- ( Rom 8:15 ) Kuba anamkelanga moya wabukhoboka, ukuba nibuye noyike; namkele umoya wokwenziwa oonyana, esidanduluka ngawo sithi, Abha, Bawo .
Isithembu ngumcimbi apho imfundiso yeTestamente eNtsha yahluka kwimfundiso eyafunyanwa nguMuhammad (uMuhammad ngokwakhe mhlawumbi wayenabafazi abalishumi elinesibini ubuncinane kunye namashweshwe.) Kuba nangona sibona ukuba ngexesha loMnqophiso oMdala abanye abantu babenabafazi abangaphezu komnye. , isithembu asikokuthanda kukaThixo kwantlandlolo, kodwa yindoda nomfazi omnye kuphela—njengoko uAdam noEva babenjalo ekuqaleni. Oku kwaqinisekiswa nguYesu nabapostile:
- ( Mat 19:4-6 ) Waphendula ke wathi kubo, Aniyilesanga na ukuba lowo wabadalayo kwasekuqalekeni wabadala bayindoda nenkazana? 5 Wathi, Ngenxa yoko umntu womshiya uyise nonina, anamathele kuye umkakhe, baze abo babini babe nyama-nye? 6 Ngako oko abasebabini, banyama-nye. Oko ke ngoko uThixo akumanyileyo, makungahlulwa mntu.
- (1 Cor 7:1-3) Ke kaloku, ngokubhekisele kwiindawo enandibhalela ngazo, ndithi, Kumlungele umntu ukuba angamchukumisi umntu oyinkazana. 2 Noko ke, ngenxa yohenyuzo, elowo makabe nowakhe umfazi, athi elowo abe neyakhe indoda . 3 Indoda mayimenzele okumfaneleyo umfazi wayo; enjenjalo ke nomfazi endodeni.
- ( 1 Tim 3:1-4 ) Lithembekile ilizwi eli lithi, Ukuba ubani ungxamele ubuveleli, unqwenela umsebenzi omhle. 2 Umveleli ngoko umelwe kukuthi abe ngongenakukhalazelwa, eyindoda yamfazi mnye , eyingcathu, enesidima, ezibekileyo, ebuka iindwendwe, enokufundisa; 3 engengàkholiswa yiwayini, engengomntu unxanelayo inzuzo embi; Uzeke kade umsindo, angabi ngolwa, angabi ngabawa; 4 eyongamele kakuhle eyakhe indlu, abantwana bakhe bemthobele, benokundileka konke
Isimo sengqondo ngeentshaba . Njengoko sifunda ubomi bukaMuhammad kunye nesiseko samandla akhe, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yayikukusetyenziswa kweKrele kunye nokubulala abachasi bakhe. Sinokubona kwimithombo yembali ukuba wathatha inxaxheba malunga 27 ugqogqo, wathumela off 38 uhlaselo ezincinane, kwaye kwakhona wabulala abantu abaliqela ababemgculela (The Biography of umprofeti Muhammad / Ibn Hisham, p. 452, 390 kunye 416, in Finnish) . Kwakhona iKoran ukuba uMuhammad alamle ebantwini ibandakanya iindinyana ezininzi ezicebisa abantu ukuba balwe nabachasi babo. NgesiArabhu, iindinyana ezininzi ezinjalo zithetha ngokubulala. Umphengululi wamaSilamsi uMoorthy Muthuswamyn uthe: “Ngaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu ekhulwini omxholo weKoran athetha kakubi ngabantu abangengomSilamsi yaye ikhuthaza ukulwa nabo ngogonyamelo. Ubukhulu becala, phantse zisithathu ekhulwini zeendinyana zeKoran ezithetha kakuhle ngoluntu. Isithathu kwisine kwingxelo engobomi bukaMuhammad [yeSirat] ithetha ngamadabi nxamnye nabangakholwayo.” (7)
Inyanga eyodwa yinyanga engcwele: Nezinto ezingcwele zifanele impindezelo. Ukuba nabani na uyakuhlasela, mhlasele njengoko wakuhlaselayo… (2:194)
Bahlanganisele phezu kwabo bonke abantu nabakhweli-mahashe ngokomyalelo wakho, ukuze uloyikise utshaba lukaThixo, notshaba lwakho, nakwabanye ngaphandle kwabo.”— 8:60.
Yilwa nabo; uThixo wobathethisa ezandleni zakho, abathobe. Wokunika uloyiso phezu kwabo, aphilise umoya wabathembekileyo. ( 9:14 )
Yilwa nabo banikwe iZibhalo ukuba bangakholelwa kuThixo nakuMhla wokugqibela… (9:29)
Mprofeti, yenza imfazwe kwabangakholwayo nabahanahanisi, uze ubenzele ubungqongqo kubo. Isihogo siya kuba likhaya labo: ishwangusha elibi. ( 9:73 ).
Khumbula xa uThixo watyhila ukuthanda kwakhe kwizithunywa zezulu : ‘ Ndinawe ; _ Ngoko ke yomelelani amakholwa . _ _ Ndiya kuphosa unkwantyo ezintliziyweni zabangakholwayo. Qhawula iintloko zabo, unqumle iincam zeminwe yabo!' ( 8:12 )
Xa udibana nabangakholwayo, krazulani iintloko zabo kwaye, xa nithe naphambana ngogonyamelo oluphangaleleyo phakathi kwabo, babophe ngokuqinileyo abathinjwa benu... (47:4)
Kuthekani ngeendinyana zoxolo zeKoran ? _ _ _ _ Amanye amaSilamsi anokusebenzisa iindinyana ezithetha ngokuziphatha ngoxolo kwabo bangengawo amaSilamsi. Ezi ziqendwana zilandelayo zeKoran:
Akusayi kubakho kunyanzelwa elunqulweni. Isikhokelo esiyinyani ngoku sahlukile kwimpazamo..(2:256)
Kwaye yibani nembeko xa nixoxa naBantu beNcwadi, ngaphandle kwabo bagqwethekileyo phakathi kwabo. Yithi: Siyakholwa koko kutyhiliweyo kuthi, kwaza kwatyhilwa kuwe. mnye uThixo wethu noThixo wakho. KuYe sizithoba njengamaSilamsi.' ( 29:46 )
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabaphengululi bamaSilamsi bayavuma ukuba iindawo zamva zeKoran - izityhilelo emva kokufudukela eMedina - zithatha indawo yezityhilelo zangaphambili, oko kukuthi izityhilelo ezifunyenwe eMecca. Esinye isicatshulwa esiphawulekayo yi-sura 9: 5, ebizwa ngokuba yindinyana yekrele, ethatha indawo yeendinyana zoxolo ezibhekiswe kwabangengawo amaSilamsi:
Xa iinyanga ezingcwele ziphelile babulaleni abanquli-zithixo naphi na apho nibafumana khona. babambeni, nibangqinge, nibalalele ezindaweni zonke. Ukuba bayaguquka baze bathabathe emthandazweni baze banike intlawulo yezipho, bavumele bahambe indlela yabo. UThixo uyaxolela yaye unemfesane (9:5)
Kodwa ukuba sijonga iimfundiso zikaYesu nezabalandeli bakhe bokuqala, sinokubona ukuba zazisekelwe kwisimo sengqondo esichasayo nokuba uYesu ngokwakhe wanikela ngobomi bakhe ngenxa yethu ( Mat 20:28 : “Kwanjengokuba uNyana woMntu engezanga kulungiselelwa; kodwa kukulungiselela, nokuncama ubomi bakhe bube yintlawulelo yokukhulula abaninzi.). Iindinyana ezilandelayo eziquka amazwi kaYesu kwanemibhalo kaPawulos, uPetros noYohane, ziyakuchaza oku. Zisibonisa ukuba iimfundiso zikaYesu nezabalandeli bakhe bokuqala zazichasene ngokupheleleyo neemfundiso zikaMuhammad:
( Mateyu 5:43-48) Nivile ukuba kwathiwa, Uze umthande ummelwane wakho, uluthiye utshaba lwakho. 44 Ke mna ndithi kuni, Zithandeni iintshaba zenu , basikeleleni abo baniqalekisayo, benzeleni okulungileyo abo banithiyayo, nibathandazele abo banigxekayo banitshutshise ; 45 ukuze nibe ngabantwana boYihlo osemazulwini; ngokuba elenza ilanga lakhe liphume phezu kwabakhohlakeleyo nabalungileyo, nemvula eyinisa phezu kwabalungisayo nabangalungisiyo. 46 Kuba xa nithe nathanda abo banithandayo, ninamvuzo mni na? Abenzi kwaloo nto na nababuthi berhafu ? 47 Naxa nithe nabulisa abazalwana benu bodwa, yintoni na egqithiseleyo eniyenzayo? Abenzi benjenjalo na nababuthi berhafu? 48 Ngoko yibani ngabafezekileyo, njengokuba uYihlo osemazulwini efezekile.
Aze athi uYesu kuye, Libuyisele endaweni yalo ikrele lakho; kuba bonke abathabatha ikrele baya kutshabalala ngekrele.
Umpostile uPawulos: ( Roma 12:14, 17-21 ) Basikeleleni abanitshutshisayo; sikelelani, ningaqalekisi . 17 Musani ukubuyekeza ububi ngobubi nakubani. Yenzani izinto ezinyanisekileyo emehlweni abantu bonke. 18 Ukuba kunokwenzeka, okukokwenu nina, hlalani ninoxolo nabantu bonke. 19 Zintanda, musani ukuziphindezelela, yikhweleleni ingqumbo; kuya kubuyekeza mna, itsho iNkosi. 20 Ngoko ke, ukuba utshaba lwakho lulambile, luphe ludle; ukuba lunxaniwe , luphe into eselwayo ; kuba ngokwenjenjalo ke, woba ufumba amalahle omlilo phezu kwentloko yalo. 21 Musa ukoyiswa bububi; boyise ububi ngokulungileyo.
Umpostile uPetros: ( 1 Petros 3:9, 17 ) bangabuyekezi ububi ngobubi, okanye ukutshabhisa ngokutshabhisa; nisazi nje ukuba nabizelwa oko, ukuze niyidle ilifa intsikelelo. 17 Ukuba ke kukuthanda kukaThixo ukuba nive ubunzima, okona kunilungeleyo kukubuva nisenza okulungileyo, kunokubuva nisenza okubi.
Umpostile uYohane: ( 1 Yohane 4:18-21 ) Akukho loyiko eluthandweni; lusuka uthando olugqibeleleyo luluphose phandle uloyiko; ngokuba uloyiko lunexhala. Lowo woyikayo akagqibelele eluthandweni. 19 Thina siyamthanda, ngokuba yena wasithanda kuqala. 20 Ukuba umntu uthe , Ndiyamthanda uThixo, wamthiya umzalwana wakhe, ulixoki ; kuba lowo ungamthandiyo umzalwana wakhe ambonileyo, angathini na ukumthanda uThixo angambonanga? 21 Nguwo lo umthetho esinawo uvela kuye: ukuba athi lowo umthandayo uThixo, amthande nomzalwana wakhe.
Ukuzondelela uThixo, kodwa kungekhona ngokokwazi. Xa sikhangela iyantlukwano phakathi kweemfundiso zeKoran kunye neTestamente eNtsha, omnye umahluko omkhulu yindlela ezinxulumana ngayo newonga likaYesu noko asenzele kona. Ingcamango esisiseko yeTestamente eNtsha yeyokuba izono zethu zixolelwe nguYesu Krestu. Oku, kunye nobuThixo bukaYesu, bubudenge kumaSilamsi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo bayichasa ngamandla le ngcamango kwaye abakholelwa kuyo. Xa amaSilamsi amchasa uYesu kunye neendaba ezilungileyo ngaye ngale ndlela, kufana nokuchaswa kwabantu benkolo bexesha likaYesu noPawulos. Nabo babenenzondelelo ngoThixo kodwa inzondelelo yabo yayingasekelwanga kulwazi. Ukongezelela, babecinga ukuba izenzo zabo zazivela kuThixo, nangona babesoloko bechasa ukuthanda Kwakhe nosindiso lwabo. Singatsho ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba ezi ndinyana zilandelayo zeBhayibhile ziye zaphindwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimbali kubomi bamaSilamsi amaninzi:
- ( Rom 10:1-4 ) Bazalwana, inkolelo yeyam intliziyo, nesikhungo sam kuye uThixo, ngenxa yamaSirayeli, sesokuba asindiswe. 2 Kuba ndiyabangqinela ukuba banokumzondelela uThixo, koko bengamzondeleli ngokokwazi okukuko . 3 Kuba bathe, bengabazi ubulungisa bukaThixo, befuna nokumisa obabo ubulungisa, ababululamela ubulungisa bukaThixo. 4 Kuba intsingiselo yomthetho nguKristu, ukuze abe bubulungisa kubo bonke abakholwayo.
- ( Mat 23:13 ) Kodwa yeha nina, babhali nabaFarisi, bahanahanisindini ! ngokuba nibuvala ubukumkani bamazulu phambi kwabantu; kuba aningeni nina, nabangenayo anibavumeli ukuba bangene .
- ( Fil 3:18-19 ) (Kuba baninzi abahambayo , endathetha futhi kuni ngabo, ngoku ke ndithetha ndilila nokulila, ndisithi, bazizo iintshaba zomnqamlezo kaKristu ; 19 abasiphelo siyintshabalalo , abaThixo usisisu sabo, abaluzuko lulihlazo labo, abanyamekela izinto zomhlaba.
- ( Yohane 16:1-4 ) Ezi zinto ndizithethile kuni , ukuze ningakhutyekiswa. 2 Baya kunigxotha esikhungwini; ewe, kuza ilixa lokuba bonke abanibulalayo, babe bona bakhonza uThixo . 3 Ezo zinto baya kuzenza kuni, ngokuba bengamazanga uBawo kwanam. 4 Ezi zinto ndizithethile kuni, ukuze, xa lithe lafika ilixa, nizikhumbule ukuba mna ndandinixelele . Ezi zinto ke andizithethanga kuni kwasekuqaleni, ngokuba bendinani.
Ngaba iziganeko zantlandlolo zenzeka ngokwenene eMecca? IKoran nezithethe zamaSilamsi zahlukile kwiindawo ezininzi eBhayibhileni. Kukwanjalo nangeendawo amaSilamsi atyelela kuzo. Ngoxa amaSilamsi amaninzi ekholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo kwingcamango yokuba iindawo ezingcwele zaseMecca zihlobene ngokusondeleyo nobomi buka-Abraham, uIshmayeli noHagare, kunzima ukufumana ubungqina boku eBhayibhileni. Siyijonga ngokwemizekelo embalwa:
IMecca kunye netempile yaseKaaba. AmaSilamsi amaninzi anyanisekileyo akholelwa ukuba uAbraham kunye nonyana wakhe uIshmayeli bakha iKaaba. Noko ke, iBhayibhile ayiyixhasi le ngcamango. Nangona incwadi yeGenesis ikhankanya iindawo ezininzi apho uAbraham wayehlala khona—iUre yamaKaledi kummandla owawusakuba yiMesopotamiya neIraq yanamhlanje, awathi wemka kuyo uAbraham ( Genesis 11:31 ), eHarran ( Genesis 12:4 ), eYiputa ( Genesis 12:4 ) 12:14), iBheteli ( Genesis 13:3 ), eHebron ( Genesis 13:18 ), eGerare ( Genesis 20:1 ), eBher-shebha ( Genesis 22:19 ) – nangona kunjalo, akukho nencinane ikhankanyiweyo ngeMeka. Akukho nto ikhankanywe ngayo, nangona kuya kufaneleka ukucinga ukuba itempile yaseKaaba yasungulwa nguAbraham kwaye ukuba yayiyindawo yokuqala yonqulo lwamaSilamsi lwangoku. Kutheni le nto okanye uhambo luka-Abraham lonyaka lokuya kule dolophu, eyayingaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-1000 ukusuka kwindawo awayehlala kuyo uAbraham, ingakhankanywa kwaphela? Okanye kungenxa yokuba ezi zinto azizange zenzeke? Ukongezelela, kuhle ukuphawula ukuba iBhayibhile ibonisa ukuba unyana ka-Abraham, uIshmayeli, wayehlala kwintlango yaseParan. Kuyaziwa ukuba yayiyeyeSinayi Peninsula yangoku (Jonga iimephu ezindala!). Ngummandla omalunga neekhilomitha eziliwaka ukusuka eMecca. Ezi ndinyana zilandelayo zibhekisa kule ntlango kwakunye nendlela uIshmayeli awafumana ngayo umfazi eJiphutha, eyayikufuphi kwaloo ndawo:
- ( Gen 21:17-21 ) Waliva uThixo ilizwi lenkwenkwe; Samemeza isithunywa sikaThixo kuHagare sisemazulwini, sathi kuye, Unantoni na , Hagare? musani ukoyika; ngokuba uThixo ulivile ilizwi lenkwenkwe apho ikhona. 18 Vuka, uyithabathe inkwenkwe, uyibambe ngesandla; ngokuba ndiya kumenza uhlanga olukhulu. 19 UThixo wawavula amehlo akhe, wabona iqula lamanzi; waya wayizalisa intsuba ngamanzi, wayiseza inkwenkwe. 20 UThixo waba nenkwenkwe leyo; yakhula, yahlala entlango, yaba yintoli yakukhula, yahlala entlango; 21 Wahlala entlango yaseParan , unina wamzekela umfazi ezweni laseYiputa .
- ( Num 10:12 ) Banduluka ke oonyana bakaSirayeli ngokweehambo zabo entlango yaseSinayi ; lathi zinzi ilifu entlango yaseParan .
Arafat. Ngokwenkolelo yamaSilamsi, uAbraham wayesele eza kubingelela ngoIshmayeli (iBhayibhile ithetha ngoIsake) kwiNtaba yaseArafat, emalunga neekhilomitha ezili-11 ukusuka eMecca. Endaweni yoko, ukuba sijonga incwadi yeGenesis, ezi ziganeko zenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha kwiLizwe Elingcwele. Bakummandla waseMoriya—ummandla owawukuhambo lweentsuku ezintathu ukusuka apho uAbraham wayehlala khona, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba wawukwayintaba yaseYerusalem apho uYesu wanikela khona ubomi bakhe, nowathi uSolomon ngexesha lakhe wakha itempile kuyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo yeyona ndawo inokwenzeka yeziganeko:
- ( Gen 22:1-4 ) Kwathi ke emva kwezi zinto, uThixo wamvavanya uAbraham, wathi kuye, Abraham, wathi yena, Ndikho; 2 Wathi, Khawuthabathe unyana wakho, emnye kuwe, omthandayo, uIsake, uhambe uye ezweni laseMoriya ; umnyuse khona abe lidini elinyukayo kwenye yeentaba endokuxelela yona. 3 Wavuka uAbraham kusasa, walibopha iesile lakhe, wathabatha amabini kumadodana akhe, noIsake unyana wakhe, wacanda iinkuni zedini elinyukayo, wesuka waya endaweni abekuyo. UThixo wayemxelele. 4 Ngomhla wesithathu uAbraham wawaphakamisa amehlo akhe, wayibona loo ndawo ikude .
- ( 2 Kron 3:1 ) USolomon waqala ukuyakha indlu kaYehova eYerusalem, entabeni yeMoriya , apho uYehova wabonakala khona kuDavide uyise, endaweni awayilungisayo uDavide, esandeni sikaOrnan umYebhusi .
Iinduli zeSafa kunye neMarwa kunye nomthombo weZamzam nazo ziindawo eziNgcwele eMecca kunye neendawo apho abantu beza kuhambo lwabo lonqulo. Imbali yabo idibene noHagare noIshmayeli befumana amanzi apho emva kokuba bemshiyile uAbraham. Kunoko, ukuba siqwalasela iGenesis, ezi ziganeko—iphulo likaHagare noIshmayeli lokufuna amanzi—zisekho kwiLizwe Elingcwele, kwintlango yaseBher-shebha, eyayikufuphi noLwandle Olufileyo. Ngoko ke, iBhayibhile ayivisisani neenkolelo zamaSilamsi.
- ( Gen 21:14, 19 ) Wavuka kusasa uAbraham, wathabatha isonka nentsuba yamanzi, wanika uHagare, ebeka emagxeni akhe, nomntwana, wamndulula. Wemka, wabhadula entlango yaseBher-shebha . 19 UThixo wawavula amehlo akhe, wabona iqula lamanzi ; waya wayizalisa intsuba ngamanzi, wayiseza inkwenkwe.
IParadesi neZulu. Xa sijonga imfundiso yeTestamente Entsha ngeParadesi, ithi yindawo apho izinto zasemhlabeni zilityalwa. Akusayi kuphinda kubekho ukugula, ukulamba, ukubandezeleka, isono nolwalamano lomtshato njengoko uYesu watshoyo. Konke ukungafezeki kwethu kwangoku kunye neentlungu ziya kunyamalala:
- (Mat 22:29-30) Waphendula uYesu wathi kubo, Niyalahleka , kuba ningazazi izibhalo kwanamandla kaThixo. 30 Kuba eluvukweni abazeki, abendiswa; banjengezithunywa zikaThixo emazulwini.
- ( ISityhilelo 21:3-8 ) Ndaza ndeva ilizwi elikhulu liphuma ezulwini lisithi: “Yabona, umnquba lo kaThixo unabantu, yaye uya kuhlala nabo, yaye bona baya kuba ngabantu bakhe, yaye uThixo ngokwakhe uya kuba nabo. nabo, ube nguThixo wabo. 4 Azisule uThixo zonke iinyembezi emehlweni abo; kungabi sabakho kufa, kungabi sabakho nasijwili, nakukhala, nantlungu; ngokuba izinto zokuqala zigqithile . 5 Wathi lowo uhleli etroneni, Uyabona, izinto zonke ndizenza ntsha. Wathi kum, Bhala ; ngokuba la mazwi ayinyaniso, athembekileyo . 6 Wathi kum, Kwenzekile ; Mna ndinguAlfa no-Omega, isiqalo nesiphelo. Lowo unxaniweyo ndomnika ngesisa emthonjeni wamanzi obomi . 7 Lowo weyisayo uya kuzidla ilifa izinto zonke; ndibe nguThixo wakhe, yena abe ngunyana wam. 8 Ke wona amagwala, nabangakholwayo, nabangamasikizi, nababulali, nabenzi bombulo, nabakhafuli, nabakhonzi bezithixo, nawo onke amaxoki, isabelo sawo siya kuba sedikeni elivutha umlilo nesulfure. Oko kukufa kwesibini.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sijonga isityhilelo sikaMuhammad esisifumene ngeZulu, sihluke ngokupheleleyo kule nkcazo ikhankanywe ngasentla. NgokukaMuhammad, iZulu yindawo apho izinto ezingavumelekanga eMhlabeni zivunyelwa, ikakhulu zithetha abafazi kunye newayini (ezi zizinto ezikholelwa ukuba abaqhushumbisi abaninzi abazibulalayo bakholelwa ukuba baza kuzifumana emva kokufa, nangona indinyana yokugqibela yezi ndinyana zeBhayibhile zikhankanywe ngasentla. , ngokomzekelo, yabonisa ukuba ababulali abayi kubudla ilifa ubukumkani bukaThixo—bamele baye esihogweni.) . Apho abantu baya kuba namaqabane njengaseMhlabeni kwaye baya kulala ezibhedini zabo, benxibe iisilika ezityebileyo kunye nebrocade entle:
Ke wona amalungisa aya kuhlala eluxolweni phakathi kwemiyezo nemithombo; Ewe, kwaye siya kubatshata kwimini yobumnyama (44: 51-54)
Baya kungqengqa ezingqengqelweni ezithe shinyi. Apho kukho iintombi eziziintloni, ekungazanga kuchukunyiswe ndoda nabafazi; iintombi ezinyulu zinjengekorale neerubhi. ( 55:54-58 )
Ngaloo mini iindlalifa zeParadesi ziya kube zixakekile ngovuyo lwazo. Bohlala ndawonye nabalingane babo ezingqengqelweni ezithambileyo. Baya kuba neziqhamo kulo, nento yonke abayinqwenelayo. ( 36:55-57 )
Bangqengqe ezingqengqelweni ngokwemikrozo; Ngeeyure zamehlo amnyama Siya kubatshata. ( 52:20 )
Ke wona amalungisa aya kumemelela ngokomelela. Yeyabo imiyezo nezidiliya, neentombi ezityebileyo zibe ngabalingane; yindebe ekhukulayo ngokwenene. ( 78:31-34 )
Amalungisa aya kuhlala eluyolweni. Baya kwayama ezingqengqelweni ezithambileyo, bababona ngeenxa zonke; Ziya kuselwa iwayini ecocekileyo, etywiniweyo itywinwe, intsipho yayo ingumsila (ngoko ke bonke mabaxhwithelene). ( 83:22-26 )
Eminye imithombo embalwa ibhekisa kumbono kaMuhammad ngeparadesi. Ngokutsho kukaMuhammad, iparadesi yindawo egcwele isini. Oku kungqubana ngokupheleleyo namazwi kaYesu, kuba uYesu wathi: “Niyalahleka, ningazazi izibhalo kwanamandla kaThixo. Kuba eluvukweni abazeki, abendiswa; banjengezithunywa zikaThixo emazulwini. ( Mateyu 22:29, 30 ):
UAli wabalisa ukuba uMpostile ka - Allah wathi : “ EParadesi kukho imarike apho kungathengwayo nakuthengiswayo , kodwa kukho amadoda nabafazi . _ _ _ _ Xa indoda ifuna inzwakazi, ivumelekile ukuba ilale nayo. “UTirmizi ukuqinisekisile oku. (Al Hadis, iNcwadi 4, iSahluko 42, No. 36.)
U-Abu Sayeed ubalisa ukuba uMthunywa ka-Allah wathi, "Ndoda nganye inabafazi ababini eParadesi, kwaye umfazi ngamnye unezigqubuthelo ezingamashumi asixhenxe apho umntu anokubona umbindi wemilenze yakhe." Oku kungqinwe nguTirmizi. (Al Hadis, iNcwadi 4, iSahluko 42, No. 23, 652.)
UAnas wathi uMprofeti wathi, "EParadesi, amadoda aya kunikwa amandla anjalo kunye nokulala ngesondo." Xa wabuzwa ukuba siya kukwazi na ukwenza oko, waphendula wathi uya kunikwa amandla amadoda alikhulu. Utshilo uTirmidhi . _ ( Mishkat al-Masabih Icandelo 3, iphepha 1200.)
References:
1. Ismaelin lapset (The Children of Ishmael), p. 92,93 2. J. Slomp: “The Qura’n for Christians and other Beginners”, Trouw, 18/11, 1986 3. Martti Ahvenainen: Islam Raamatun valossa, p. 87-90 4. Ibn Sa’d Kitab Al-Tabaqat Al-Kabir, vol. II,64. 5. Ismaelin lapset, p. 14 6. Robert Spencer: Totuus Muhammadista (The Truth About Muhammad: Founder of the World’s Most Intolerant Religion) p. 92,93 7. Martti Ahvenainen: Islam Raamatun valossa, p. 374
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Jesus is the way, the truth and the life
Grap to eternal life!
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Other Google Translate machine translations:
Izigidi zeminyaka / iidinosaur /
ngendaleko yabantu? |
