dinosaurwo tsɔtsrɔ̃, dinosaurwo tsɔtsrɔ̃, ɣletinyigba alo Tsiɖɔɖɔa?

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TV dzi wɔna si nye "Dinosaur Apocalypse ".

Xlẽ alesi xexemenunya ƒe television dzi wɔna la ƒo nu tso tsunami gã si dzɔ esime wotsrɔ̃ dinosaurwo, si dze ƒã be eyae nye Tsiɖɔɖɔ si ŋu Biblia ƒo nu tsoe la ŋu

Edzɔ be mekpɔ wɔna aɖe si me akpa eve le le TV dzi si woyɔna be Dinosaur Apocalypset ., BBC/PBS/France Télévisions, Iso-Britannia, 2022.). Ehe dzixɔse si bɔ be dinosaurwo ku le tsɔtsrɔ̃ me abe ƒe miliɔn 65 enye sia ene le ɣeyiɣi si woyɔna be Cretaceous ƒe nuwuwu la vɛ. Wogblɔ be nusi gbɔ esia tsoe nye ɣletinyigba aɖe si va dze anyigba dzi eye wòna wotsrɔ̃ dinosaurwo.

Nuka dzie nèɖo ŋkui le ɖoɖo sia ŋu? Melɔ̃ ɖe edzi be dinosaurwo, abe agbe bubuwo ene, dze ŋgɔ tsɔtsrɔ̃, gake woate ŋu agbe ɣeyiɣi si me wotsrɔ̃ wo kple susu si ta wotsrɔ̃ wo ɖo.

Gbã la, dinosaurwo ƒe anyinɔnɔ le anyigba dzi. Ðe wonɔ agbe ƒe miliɔn 65 kple edzivɔe nye sia nyateƒea? Nyemaƒo nu tso nya sia ŋu ayi ŋgɔe le afisia abe alesi meƒo nu tso eŋu le nye nuŋɔŋlɔ bubuwo me ene o. Ðeko magblɔ be dzesi alo dzesi aɖeke mele dinosaur ƒe kpememewo ŋu be wonɔ agbe ɣemaɣi o. Ke boŋ lãmenugbagbevi falɛfalɛwo, radiocarbon, DNA, kple ʋumenugbagbevi siwo wokpɔ le kpememeawo me ɖee fia vevie be ne mede ɖeke o la, ƒe akpe ʋɛ aɖewoe nye esia tso esime wova Anyigba dzi. Nu siawo siwo le kpeƒekpeƒewo nye kpeɖodzi be wotsrɔ̃ nyitsɔ laa, ke menye tsɔtsrɔ̃ si dzɔ ƒe miliɔn geɖe enye sia o.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, anyo be numekulawo nabu nyateƒe si wònye be blemaŋutinya geɖe ƒo nu tso ʋɔ dribawo ŋu enuenu, siwo ɖi dinosaur ŋutɔ.Ame aɖewo ate ŋu agblɔ be glimemewo koe wonye, gake le nyateƒe me la, ʋɔ dribawo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo bɔ ɖe dukɔ akpa gãtɔ dome, abe alesi nyayɔyɔ si gbɔna ɖee fia ene. Esia nye lã siwo tsrɔ̃, siwo ƒe anyinɔnɔ dzi amegbetɔ gbãtɔwo ate ŋu aɖo kpee ƒe akpe ʋɛ aɖewo koe nye esia la ŋu godoo. Richard Owen ye to nya dinosaur vɛ o vaseɖe ƒe 1800-awo me.

Nukutɔe la, ʋɔ driba siwo le xotutuwo me la le abe lã ŋutɔŋutɔ siwo nɔ anyi va yi ene. Woɖi lã gã siwo tana (dinosaur) siwo ɖu anyigbaa dzi ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe hafi wosusu be amegbetɔ do. Zi geɖe la, wobua ʋɔ dribawo be wovɔ̃ɖi eye wogblẽa nu. Dukɔ ɖesiaɖe ƒo nu tso wo ŋu le woƒe gliwo me. ( The World Book Encyclopedia, Babla 5, 1973, axa 265)

Ke nusi gbɔ dinosaur-wo tsrɔ̃ tso ya ɖe? Wogblɔ nusi gbɔ tsɔtsrɔ̃a tso la le ɖoɖowɔɖia me be enye ɣletinyigba si va dze anyigba dzi ƒe miliɔn 65 kple edzivɔe nye sia. Ke hã, le ɖoɖoa me la, wolɔ̃ ɖe edzi be "ame aɖeke mekpɔ dinosaur ƒe kpememe aɖeke si aɖo kpe edzi be woku le woƒe gododo ta o". Ne míagblɔe bubui la, ɣletinyigba aɖe si ge ɖe anyigba dzi nye numeɖeɖe nyui aɖeke le dinosaur-wo ƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃ ŋu o.

Ke boŋ ɖoɖowɔɖia va to numeɖeɖe si me susu le wu vɛ le dinosaur-wo tsɔtsrɔ̃ ŋu: tsi. Wogblɔe eye wohee vɛ zi geɖe le wɔnaa me be tsunami gã aɖe ahe dinosaur siwo le Hell Creek nutoa me tsrɔ̃ hafi. Nya aɖewo siwo woyɔ tso wɔnaa me enye esi:

Tsi nyui ƒe nɔnɔme si le Hell Creek ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa me enye si. Ƒumelã aɖe si ƒe nɔnɔme le abe ʋuʋudedi ene, si nye ammonite, ƒe go si le dzo dam, si klẽna le neon dzĩ kple amadede dzẽ ƒe vɔvɔliwo me la tso. Ƒumelã sia ge ɖe tsi nyui ƒe nɔnɔme aɖe si me mele o me. Alesi amoniteawo va wu enu le afisia nye nya ɣaɣla.

Eyata kpea ƒe akpa si me ʋuʋudedi le eye eƒe titrime anɔ abe meta ɖeka ene. Ema kple nu bubu siwo mebɔ o fia asi nudzɔdzɔ tɔxɛ aɖe le Robert ƒe nukpɔsusu nu. Ðewohĩ tsiɖɔɖɔ alo anyigbaʋuʋu aɖe dzɔ le afisia, si na nusianu ɖi ɖe ete le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko me.

Zi alesi woɖi lãa kabakabae, alo ne eɖiɖi gɔ̃ hã gbɔe wòku la, zi nenemae nɔnɔme nyuiwo doa mo ɖa be woatsɔ awɔ lãgbalẽe. ... Lãwo ƒe 99.9% mewɔa fossilize o

Edze ƒã be pterosaur-wo ƒe vidzidzi mɔnu la kpɔ dzidzedze. Efia be agbenɔnɔ nɔ dzɔdzɔme nu vaseɖe esime ɣletinyigba aɖe ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi trɔ nusianu le mɔ dziŋɔ aɖe nu.

Ðe lã siawo zɔ atsiaƒu mea? Wonɔ tsi nom tso tɔdzisasrã falɛfalɛa me.

Alesi kpememe siwo ŋu Robert ke ɖo ƒe xexlẽme ɖee fia be le Cretaceous ƒe ɣeyiɣia ƒe nuwuwu gɔ̃ hã la, agbe yɔ Tanis fũ.

Robert ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa kplɔa ŋgɔdonyawo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ si hea ame ƒe susu ɖo. Nu gbãtɔ si ɖee fiae nye tɔmelã siwo tsrɔ̃ le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me ƒe kpememewo.

Atie nye esi. Womiã tɔmelãawo ƒe kukuawo ɖe eŋu sesĩe.

Tomenu aɖewo siwo wokpɔ le afisia kple afimae nye esi. Ðekae nye esi eye le eƒe axadzi sturgeon bubu si dze ŋgɔ mɔ sia. Le ta la te la, sturgeon bubu aɖe hã le afima. Eƒe ŋutilã yia atikpoa te eye wòdzena le akpa kemɛ.

Le Robert ƒe nufiafia nu la, tɔmelã siwo wolé le atiwo ƒe ke siwo tsi megbe eye wotsɔ gogloeƒewo ƒo xlã wo la ku esi tsiɖɔɖɔ ƒomevi aɖe lé wo eye woɖi wo ɖe tsiɖɔɖɔa me kaba. Esia tae wokpɔ wo ta nyuie alea gbegbe ɖo. Nukae he ƒutsotsoeawo vɛ? Nukpɔsusu aɖe gblɔ be ɣletinyigba aɖe si ƒo atsiaƒua he tsunami vɛ. Fifia míele nu ƒom tso tsunami ƒomevi bubu kura ŋu. Ekɔ wu eye wòlolo wu egbegbe tsunamiwo sã. ... Eƒe kɔkɔme nye kilometa ɖeka ya teti.

Ðe tsunami ate ŋu ahe ƒuƒoƒo si wokpɔ le Tanis la vɛa?

Mesusu be numekula siwo nɔ ɖoɖowɔɖiawo me la nɔ mɔ nyuitɔ dzi. Tsi kpɔ gome le dinosaur-wo tsɔtsrɔ̃ me ŋutɔŋutɔ. Menye Hell Creek nuto si ŋu woƒo nu tsoe le wɔnaa me koe wònɔ alea o, ke le teƒe bubu ɖesiaɖe hã. Teƒe siwo wokpɔ dinosaurwo le la dometɔ ɖeka koe Hell Creek nye, elabena wokpɔ lã siawo ƒe kukuawo le xexeame katã. Le nyateƒe me la, lã siawo ƒe kpememewo, abe lã bubuwo ƒe kpememewo ene, manɔ anyi gɔ̃ hã o ne ɖe anyigbaʋuʋuawo meɖi lã siawo ɖe anyigbaʋuʋua me kaba gbã o. Ema koe nye mɔ si dzi woato aɖe afisi anyigba ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo katã dzɔ tso, siwo ƒe wɔwɔme womekpɔna kura egbea o la me. Le ɖoɖowɔɖia me la, wolɔ̃ ɖe edzi hã be anyigba ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo wɔwɔ nye nudzɔdzɔ si mebɔ o: ”Zi alesi woɖi lãa kabakabae, alo ne eɖiɖi gɔ̃ hã gbɔe wòku la, zi nenemae nɔnɔme nyuiwo doa mo ɖa be woatsɔ awɔ lãgbalẽe. ... Lãwo ƒe 99.9% mewɔa tomenuwo o.”

Evelia, ɖoɖoa gblɔ be wokpɔ ƒumelãwo abe ammonites kple tɔmelãwo ene le hatsotso ɖeka me kple atiwo kple dinosaurwo. Aleke esia ate ŋu adzɔe? Aleke ƒumelãwo, anyigbadzilãwo kple atiwo ate ŋu anɔ anyi ɖekae le ƒuƒoƒo ɖeka me? Numeɖeɖe ɖeka koe nye be tsunami gã aɖee he nudzɔdzɔ sia vɛ, abe alesi woɖee fia le wɔnaa me ene. Ðoɖowɔɖia gblɔ gɔ̃ hã tso tsunami ƒe lolome ŋu be "Eƒe kɔkɔme nye kilometa ɖeka ya teti."

Nya kae medi be magblɔ kple esi do ŋgɔ? Ne tsunami gã aɖe ŋue míele nu ƒom tsoe la, nukatae míate ŋu aƒo nu tso Tsiɖɔɖɔ si ŋu woƒo nu tsoe le Biblia me be eya gbɔe tsɔtsrɔ̃ tso la ŋu tẽ o? Enye nusi gbɔ wòtso wu be wotsrɔ̃ dinosaurwo kple lã ƒomevi bubuwo siaa ɖo. Enyo be míade ŋugble le nya sia ŋu, elabena woke ɖe tsiɖɔɖɔ gbãtɔ ŋuti nuŋlɔɖi alafa geɖe ŋu, abe alesi nyayɔyɔ siwo gbɔna ɖee fia ene:

Wonya dekɔnu siwo ade 500 – siwo dome Greece, China, Peru kple Dziehe Amerika ƒe anyigbadzitɔwo hã le – le xexeame afisi xotutuwo kple gliwo ƒo nu tso tsiɖɔɖɔ gã aɖe si trɔ to la ƒe ŋutinya ŋutinya wɔdɔɖeamedzi aɖe ŋu le. Le ŋutinya geɖe me la, ame ʋɛ aɖewo koe tsi agbe le tsiɖɔɖɔa me, abe alesi wònɔ le Noa gome ene. Dukɔawo dometɔ geɖe bu be mawu siwo le susu aɖe ta la, amegbetɔƒomea nu ti kɔ na woe he tsiɖɔɖɔa vɛ. Ðewohĩ ameawo nye nufitifitiwɔlawo, abe alesi wònɔ le Noa ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo me kple le xotutu aɖe si Amerikatɔ Gbãtɔwo ƒe Hopi to si le Dziehe Amerika gblɔ me ene, alo ɖewohĩ ameawo sɔ gbɔ akpa eye wowɔa toɣliɖeɖe akpa, abe alesi wònɔ le Gilgamesh ƒe ŋutinyagbalẽa me ene. (Kalle Taipale: Levoton maapallo, axa 78) Ƒe 1999 ƒe ɣleti gbãtɔ me.

Lenormant gblɔ le eƒe agbalẽ si nye "Beginning of History" me be:

"Mɔnukpɔkpɔ su mía si be míaɖo kpe edzi be Tsiɖɔɖɔa ƒe ŋutinya nye xexeame katã ƒe kɔnyinyi le amegbetɔƒomea ƒe alɔdzewo katã me, eye womate ŋu abu kɔnyinyi si ŋu kakaɖedzi le eye wòwɔ ɖeka abe esia ene be enye glitoto si wosusu le susu me o. Ele be wòanye ŋkuɖodzinya na nyateƒe kple." nudzɔdzɔ dziŋɔ aɖe, nudzɔdzɔ si wɔ dɔ ɖe amegbetɔƒomea dzila gbãtɔwo ƒe susu dzi vevie ale gbegbe be woƒe dzidzimeviwo gɔ̃ hã mate ŋu aŋlɔe be gbeɖe o. (Toivo Seljavaara: Oliko vedenpaisumus ja Nooan arkki mahdollinen?, axa 5)

Domenyinu ŋutinya vovovowo le ameƒomevi vovovowo si ku ɖe tsiɖɔɖɔ ƒe afɔku gã la ŋu. Helatɔwo gblɔ ŋutinya aɖe tso Tsiɖɔɖɔa ŋu, eye wòƒo nu tso ame aɖe si ŋkɔe nye Deukalion ŋu; ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe do ŋgɔ na Columbus gɔ̃ hã la, ŋutinya siwo na woɖo ŋku tsiɖɔɖɔ gã la dzi nɔ Amerika-nyigbagã la dzi nɔlawo si. Wotsɔa tsiɖɔɖɔ ŋuti gliwo yia dzidzime yi dzidzime vaseɖe egbe le Australia, India, Polynesia, Tibet, Kašmir kple Lithuania hã. Ðe wo katã wonye gliwo kple ŋutinyawo ko? Ðe wowɔ wo katãa? Wosusui be wo katã woƒo nu tso afɔku gã ɖeka ma ke ŋu. (Werner Keller: Raamattu le oikeassa ŋu, axa 29)

Susu bubue nye ƒumelãwo kple numiemie siwo susɔ le to kɔkɔwo dzi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye Himalaya To Everest kple to kɔkɔ bubuwo. Nya aɖewo siwo dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo ŋutɔ ŋlɔ tso nya sia ŋu mee nye esi:

Esi Darwin ŋutɔ nɔ mɔ zɔm le Beagle-ʋua dzi la, ekpɔ ƒumelã siwo ƒe kpememewo le tso Andes Towo dzi. Eɖee fia be, nusi nye to fifia la nɔ tsi te tsã. (Jerry A. Coyne: Miksi evoluutio on totta [Nusitae nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ nye nyateƒe], axa 127)

Susu aɖe li si tae wòle be míalé ŋku ɖe agakpe siwo le togbɛwo dzi ƒe nɔnɔme gbãtɔ ŋu nyuie. Wokpɔnɛ nyuie wu le Alps-towo dzi, le Lime Alps-to siwo le anyiehe, afisi woyɔna be Helvetian-nutowo me. Limestone ye nye kpe vevitɔ si wotsɔ wɔa kpewoe. Ne míelé ŋku ɖe agakpe si le afisia le togbɛ siwo dzi ʋuʋudedi le alo to aɖe tame ŋu - ne ŋusẽ nɔ mía si be míalia afima - míava ke ɖe lãwo ƒe kpeƒekpeƒewo, lãwo ƒe kpememewo, ŋu mlɔeba. Zi geɖe la, wogblẽna vevie gake anya wɔ be woakpɔ kakɛ siwo woate ŋu ade dzesii. Kpememe mawo katã nye lime-kplu alo ƒumelãwo ƒe ƒunukpeƒewo. Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ammonites siwo wotsɔ ka ƒo xlãe, eye vevietɔ la, lãkle siwo ƒe gowo le eve la sɔ gbɔ ŋutɔ. (...) Nuxlẽla ate ŋu abia eɖokui le ɣeyiɣi sia me be nukae wòfia be togbɛwo léa tsi gbogbo aɖewo ɖe wo me, siwo hã woate ŋu akpɔ le ƒugɔme. (axa 236,237 "Muuttuva maa", Pentti Eskola)

Harutaka Sakai si tso Japan Yunivɛsiti le Kyushu wɔ numekuku tso ƒumelã siawo siwo wokpɔ le Himalaya Towo dzi ŋu ƒe geɖe. Eya kple eƒe ƒuƒoƒoa ŋlɔ lãwo ƒe lãkpɔ blibo aɖe si nɔ anyi le Mesozoic ɣeyiɣia me la ɖi. Ƒumelã siwo mebɔbɔ o, siwo sɔ kple ƒumelã siwo woyɔna be sea urchins kple starfish siwo li fifia la, le agakpewo ƒe gli siwo didi wu kilometa etɔ̃ tso atsiaƒu dzi la me. Wokpɔa Ammonites, belemnites, corals kple plankton abe kpe gbadzɛwo ene le towo ƒe kpewo me (...)

Le teƒe si kɔkɔ kilometa eve la, anyigbaŋutinunyalawo ke ɖe dzesi aɖe si atsiaƒua ŋutɔ gblẽ ɖi ŋu. Eƒe kpe si le abe ƒutsotsoewo ene la sɔ kple nɔnɔme siwo susɔ ɖe kea me tso ƒutsotsoe siwo me tsi mele o gbɔ. Wokpɔa limestone ɣi siwo do le tsi te tso ƒumelã manyaxlẽwo ƒe susɔewo me tso Everest-toa tame gɔ̃ hã. ("Maapallo ihmeiden ɣletinyigba", axa 55)

Nukae míate ŋu aƒo nya ta tso nya siwo míegblɔ va yi me? Viɖe aɖeke mele eme be woaƒo nu tso ƒe miliɔn geɖe ŋu o, elabena dinosaur ƒe kpememewo ŋutɔ meɖi ɖase le nu ma tɔgbe ŋu o. Lãmetsi falɛfalɛ, radiocarbon, DNA kple ʋumenugbagbevi siwo le wo me fia asi ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko ŋu kɔte. Ke boŋ Tsiɖɔɖɔ si ŋu Biblia ƒo nu tsoe la koŋue lã siawo ku, togbɔ be wogakpɔtɔ nɔ agbe le nudzɔdzɔ sia megbe hã. Esia ƒe kpeɖodzi dze le alesi woɖe ʋɔ dribawo le dukɔ geɖewo domee me.

Woate ŋu ahe kpɔɖeŋu bubu geɖewo vɛ le nya sia ŋu, gake mele mɔ kpɔm be kpɔɖeŋu siwo do ŋgɔ la ɖee fia be alesi Biblia ɖɔ tsiɖɔɖɔa nye ŋutinya ŋutɔŋutɔ, gake ƒe miliɔn geɖe la nye nusiwo wosusuna le susu me. Mawumaxɔselawo ƒe nufiafia siwo ku ɖe xexeame katã ƒe gɔmedzedze kple agbe ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋu nye nususukpɔ ma tɔgbe ƒe akpa aɖe, elabena dziƒonu aɖeke mate ŋu ado le eɖokui si o, eye agbe hã mate ŋu ado le eɖokui si o. Kpeɖodzi ɖeka pɛ hã meli na nusiawo o, si dzi dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala mawudzimaxɔsela geɖe gɔ̃ hã lɔ̃ ɖo. Meŋlɔ nu tso nya siawo ŋu le nye nyati geɖe me, eye dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala mawudzimaxɔselawo ƒe nukpɔsusu anukwaretɔe hã le wo me. Medi be amesiame nalé ŋku ɖe nusiawo ŋu nyuie wu. Tsã la, nye ŋutɔ menye mawudzimaxɔsela si xɔ mawudzimaxɔselawo ƒe nufiafia siwo ku ɖe nuwɔwɔwo kple ƒe miliɔn geɖe ŋu dzi se. Fifia mebua wo be wonye gliwo, alakpanyawo kple gliwo.